Glassware Instruments for School Use

Product Description

Detailed Description of Glassware I. Product Usage Features Glassware is widely used in various fields due to its excellent chemical stability and transparency. It is an essential tool in chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, industrial production, and everyday life. Below are the main usage features of glassware: Laboratory Research: Chemical Experiments: Glassware is a fundamental tool in chemical laboratories, used for the preparation, separation, purification, and analysis of substances. For example, flasks are used for heating and mixing chemical reagents to synthesize new compounds, while volumetric flasks are used to precisely prepare solutions of specific concentrations. Physical Experiments: Glass lenses and prisms are used to study phenomena such as refraction, reflection, and dispersion of light. Biological Experiments: Petri dishes are used for microbial culture and cell research, allowing observation of microbial growth and cellular morphology changes. Industrial Production: Chemical Industry: Glass reactors are used for large-scale chemical reactions, with their transparent material facilitating the observation of reaction progress. Pharmaceutical Industry: Glass vials are used to store pharmaceuticals, ensuring the stability and safety of the drugs. Medical and Health Fields: Diagnosis and Treatment: Thermometers, blood collection tubes, and cuvettes are used for measuring body temperature, collecting blood samples, and analyzing blood components. Daily Life: Containers and Tableware: Glass containers (such as cups and vases) and tableware (such as bowls) are widely used for their aesthetics, hygiene, and ease of cleaning. II. Specifications The specifications of glassware vary depending on their intended use and type. Below are some common specifications: Material: Borosilicate Glass: Known for its excellent chemical stability and thermal resistance, it is widely used in chemical laboratories and industrial production. Quartz Glass: Characterized by its high thermal stability and resistance to chemical corrosion, it is used in high-temperature environments and optical applications. Soda-Lime Glass: Cost-effective and suitable for general laboratory use, but not recommended for highly corrosive operations. Classification: Transfer and Stoppering Devices: Such as glass joints, connectors, valves, stoppers, and tubes. Containers: Such as beakers, flasks, test tubes, and reagent bottles. Measuring Instruments: Such as graduated cylinders, burettes, and pipettes. Physical Measurement Instruments: Used for testing color, optical density, and molecular weight. Chemical Analysis Instruments: Used for elemental analysis and compound determination. Size and Capacity: Glassware must meet specific standards in terms of size and capacity. For example, beakers and graduated cylinders must have accurate graduations and capacity markings. Manufacturing Process: Includes processes such as glass tube drawing, cutting, grinding, cold working, and fusing. III. Quality Standards Glassware is subject to strict quality standards to ensure its performance, reliability, and safety: International Standards: Glassware must comply with international standards such as ISO 385 (flasks), ISO 1773 (test tubes), and ISO 1042 (hydrometers). Material Quality: The glass material must have good resistance to chemical corrosion, thermal stability, and mechanical strength. Accuracy and Precision: Measuring instruments such as graduated cylinders and burettes must have accurate graduations and capacity measurements. Operational Safety: Glassware used in high-temperature operations must have thermal resistance to prevent breakage and splashing. Calibration and Validation: Manufacturers must provide clear calibration and validation procedures to ensure the performance and accuracy of the instruments. Quality Management System Certification: Manufacturers must establish quality management systems such as ISO 9001 or ISO 13485. After-Sales Service: Providing product warranties, maintenance, and technical support. IV. Usage and Maintenance Usage Precautions: Separatory Funnel: The ground-glass stopper must be original and well-fitted; a leaking funnel should not be used. Test Tubes: Hard glass test tubes can be directly heated but should not be subjected to sudden cooling. Centrifuge tubes should only be heated in a water bath. Condensers: Cooling water should enter from the bottom and exit from the top to prevent sudden cooling or heating. Desiccators: Place desiccant at the bottom; do not place red-hot objects inside. Maintenance Suggestions: Regularly inspect the integrity of the glassware to avoid cracks and breakage. Avoid using abrasive powders for cleaning to prevent scratching the glass surface. V. Procurement Guidelines Choosing the Right Model: Select the appropriate type and material of glassware based on experimental needs. Consider the chemical resistance, thermal performance, and transparency of the glassware. Evaluating Suppliers: Choose suppliers that comply with international standards and quality management systems. Compare prices, after-sales service, and technical support. Signing Contracts: Clearly define delivery schedules, warranty periods, and after-sales service terms. VI. Supporting Products Glassware often requires the following supporting products: Sealing Devices: Ground-glass stoppers and rubber stoppers are used to prevent leakage. Heating Equipment: Alcohol lamps and hot plates are used for heating glassware. Cooling Systems: Cooling water circulation devices are used for condensers and other equipment. VII. Conclusion Glassware plays a crucial role in scientific research, industrial production, and daily life due to its excellent chemical stability and transparency. When selecting glassware, it is important to consider its material, intended use, precision, and safety. Strict quality standards and proper usage and maintenance practices ensure the performance and longevity of glassware. With continuous technological advancements, glassware continues to meet diverse needs while enhancing its reliability and user experience.

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